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Cattle were observed to avoid the reject gravel ford crossing and walk across the existing softer bed material, causing erosion and mobilising silt. Formal cattle crossing designs and drinking points need fencing to prevent livestock from choosing their own routes.</property:Lessons_learnt>
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		<property:Project_summary rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">This scheme is part of implementation of the River Wensum Restoration Strategy (RWRS). The River Wensum in Norfolk is nationally and internationally important for wildlife.  The Attlebridge scheme (Unit 53, Reach 9 and part of Reach 8 from the feasibility studies) covers 1.3km of channel, from Marriott’s Way downstream to the A1067 Fakenham Road Bridge. The key existing conditions which influenced the restoration measures included bank erosion, lack of bankside tree cover, lack of in-channel woody material and limited off-channel refuge areas. The scheme includes the installation of woody material features to help stimulate variation in the flow regime and help restore the natural form and function of the channel. On areas of riverbank showing signs of erosion and cattle poaching we have re-profiled the riverbank to provide a gentler more natural bank angle encouraging wetland marginal vegetation to establish.  ‘Reject’ and smaller gravel material has been used to reduce the impact of cattle poaching on sediment mobilisation. Backwater refuge areas have been created by re-connecting an existing field drain. Shallow fry refuge habitat was also achieved by re-excavating an existing shallow open area at the confluence of the drain and river such that it was able to be inundated by water from the river again. Additional fry refuge habitat was also created adjacent to an existing ford crossing. Aside from the very downstream end of the reach, the river corridor was largely devoid of trees. We have planted 130 native wetland species along the reach which will, in the long-term, improve bank stability, create a diversity of light and shade conditions and provide a potential source of woody material to the river, improving physical habitat and providing cover for fish.</property:Project_summary>
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