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		<rdfs:label>Case study:Arborfield nature like bypass and weirs project</rdfs:label>
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		<property:Additional_document rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborfield October 2012 photo update.pdf</property:Additional_document>
		<property:Additional_document rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborfield Newsletter November 2011.doc</property:Additional_document>
		<property:Additional_document_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Photo update from October 2012 (courtesy of Dominic Martyn)</property:Additional_document_description>
		<property:Additional_document_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Newsletter November 2011</property:Additional_document_description>
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		<property:Bank_and_bed_modifications_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Introduction of spawning gravels</property:Bank_and_bed_modifications_measure>
		<property:Bank_and_bed_modifications_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Riffle creation</property:Bank_and_bed_modifications_measure>
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		<property:Biological_qualitative_monitoring rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Yes</property:Biological_qualitative_monitoring>
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		<property:Channel_pattern_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Bypass channel</property:Channel_pattern_measure>
		<property:Channel_pattern_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Improving fish migration</property:Channel_pattern_measure>
		<property:Channel_pattern_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Creation of backwater</property:Channel_pattern_measure>
		<property:Contact_organisation rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Environment Agency</property:Contact_organisation>
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		<property:Country rdf:resource="&wiki;England"/>
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		<property:Funding_source rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Environment Agency Flood and Coastal Risk Management</property:Funding_source>
		<property:Funding_source rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Thames Water</property:Funding_source>
		<property:Funding_source rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Barbel Society</property:Funding_source>
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		<property:Image_gallery_image rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborefield 3.JPG</property:Image_gallery_image>
		<property:Image_gallery_image rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborefield.JPG</property:Image_gallery_image>
		<property:Image_gallery_image rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborefield 2.JPG</property:Image_gallery_image>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Small fixed-crest weir prior to lowering. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Small fixed-crest weir after lowering. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Backwater effect - 900m upstream of impounding weir structures. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">900m upstream of lowered impounding weir structures. Note significant reduction in backwater effect. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Channel 2900m upstream of impounding weir structures, prior to lowering. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Channel 2900m upstream of lowered impounding weir structures. Note significant driop in water level and exposure of gravel riffle - now spawned on by chub. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">plan</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">A mosaic of habitats was created in the new river channel, using many existing natural features</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Image_gallery_image_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">The completed bypass inlet in September 2011</property:Image_gallery_image_description>
		<property:Invasive_species_present rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">No</property:Invasive_species_present>
		<property:Investigation_and_design_cost rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">120</property:Investigation_and_design_cost>
		<property:Investigation_and_design_cost_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">100 - 500 k€</property:Investigation_and_design_cost_category>
		<property:Location-23aux rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">51.408040376161,-0.92426776885986</property:Location-23aux>
		<property:Main_contact_forename rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Dominic</property:Main_contact_forename>
		<property:Main_contact_organisation rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Environment Agency</property:Main_contact_organisation>
		<property:Main_contact_surname rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Martyn</property:Main_contact_surname>
		<property:Mean_discharge rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">2.16</property:Mean_discharge>
		<property:Mean_discharge_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">1 - 10 m³/s</property:Mean_discharge_category>
		<property:Measures_values rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Introduction of spawning gravels, Riffle creation, Weir lowering,,,Bypass channel, Improving fish migration, Creation of backwater, ,,Volunteer engagement,,Local support, Community engagement,</property:Measures_values>
		<property:Monitoring_cost rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">24</property:Monitoring_cost>
		<property:Monitoring_cost_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">10 - 50 k€</property:Monitoring_cost_category>
		<property:Monitoring_surveys_and_results rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Over 1 hectare of nationally important wetland habitats will be restored - benefiting wildlife such as otters, kingfishers and dragonflies. A key feature of the 400k project was the successful partnership with Thames Water, the University of Reading, Farley Estate and Arborleigh Angling Club. Over 60 volunteer days were given</property:Monitoring_surveys_and_results>
		<property:Other_monitored_after rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Yes</property:Other_monitored_after>
		<property:Other_monitored_before rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Yes</property:Other_monitored_before>
		<property:Other_monitoring_control_site_used rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">No</property:Other_monitoring_control_site_used>
		<property:Other_monitoring_result rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Awaiting results</property:Other_monitoring_result>
		<property:Other_qualitative_monitoring rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Yes</property:Other_qualitative_monitoring>
		<property:Other_quality_element_data rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Habitat mapping,Yes,Yes,Yes,Yes,No,Awaiting results</property:Other_quality_element_data>
		<property:Other_quantitative_monitoring rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Yes</property:Other_quantitative_monitoring>
		<property:Other_response_monitored rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Habitat mapping</property:Other_response_monitored>
		<property:Page_ID rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">1122</property:Page_ID>
		<property:Picture_description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">One of the five weir structures to be lowered during the project - pre-works. Courtesy of Wild Trout Trust and the Environment Agency.</property:Picture_description>
		<property:Project_picture rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">P5110148.JPG</property:Project_picture>
		<property:Project_started rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">2010-06-30Z</property:Project_started>
		<property:Project_started-23aux rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">2455377.5</property:Project_started-23aux>
		<property:Project_status rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Complete</property:Project_status>
		<property:Project_summary rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">In this reach, impassable flow control structures impounded the river by 1.4m, for over 4km upstream. WFD fisheries surveys determined moderate to poor ecological status upstream of the structures, with good ecological status downstream.

Project objectives to improve WFD status upstream of weir structures from 'moderate' to 'good', along with flood alleviation. Works involved lowering of 5 structures along an 800m section of river, construction of a 200m nature-like weir bypass channel to create free fish migration status, in addition to two backwaters created towards the end of the bypass channel and directly downstream of its exit; as well as creation of 80m of new riffle habitat for spawning.

After twenty years of work, a significant partnership project helping to deliver Water Framework Directive objectives has been completed on the River Loddon at Arborfield, near Reading. 

The problem: 
Arborfield weirs were highlighted as the most significant barrier to fish migration in the Loddon catchment limiting natural habitat types upstream. Local access and flooding issues were raised.

The solution: Two hundred meters of complex channel and backwaters bypassing Arborfield weirs have been created. This will provide some 20km of free fish passage from the River Thames towards Basingstoke at certain times of year for a range of fish like sea trout, barbel and eels.  The project delivers enhanced fish spawning and nursery grounds and restores impounded habitat.

The new river channel will help the Loddon towards meeting 'Good Ecological Status' required by the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and aims to be helpful as a case study for similar WFD-led projects around the country. 

Project Objectives:
* Working with communities: anglers and local people shaped objectives and gave practical input; University of Reading and Cranfield University are helping with monitoring.
* Allow free fish passage to enable fish to complete lifecycles. We have seen fish entering the channel from top and bottom, confirming the bypass is passable for a variety of small fish.
* Improve Water Framework Directive status from moderate to good: create new fish spawning and nursery areas and monitor effects.
* Restore impounded habitat: lower weirs to restore flow and habitats. Chub have been observed spawning twice on restored riffles upstream since the weirs were lowered.
* Restore Biodiversity Action Plan habitat; construct wet feeds to key areas.
* Provide national case study: ‘before’ and ‘after’ studies to inform others.
* Improve site health and safety: better, safer access around site.
* Local flood risk: lower weirs have reduced breaching to adjacent land.

Works included: Thames Water weir lowering and repair work to four out of five structures - to lower upstream water levels and reduce overbank flow frequency. &lt;br&gt;
Community Involvement - Presentations and meetings with local citizens. Volunteers involved in construction and future management of project.</property:Project_summary>
		<property:Project_title rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Arborfield nature like bypass and weirs project</property:Project_title>
		<property:Project_title_lowercase rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">arborfield nature like bypass and weirs project</property:Project_title_lowercase>
		<property:Protected_species_present rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">No</property:Protected_species_present>
		<property:Reach_length_affected rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">800</property:Reach_length_affected>
		<property:River_basin rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Loddon</property:River_basin>
		<property:River_basin_district rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Thames</property:River_basin_district>
		<property:River_name rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Loddon (Swallowfield to River Thames confluence)</property:River_name>
		<property:River_name_lowercase rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">loddon (swallowfield to river thames confluence)</property:River_name_lowercase>
		<property:Site_name rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Loddon at Arborfield</property:Site_name>
		<property:Site_name_lowercase rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">loddon at arborfield</property:Site_name_lowercase>
		<property:Social_measure rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Volunteer engagement</property:Social_measure>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Target fish species: sea trout</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">eels</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">dace</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">barbel</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">chub</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">roach</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">bullhead</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Species_of_interest rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">lamprey and pike.</property:Species_of_interest>
		<property:Specific_mitigation_motivation rdf:resource="&wiki;Barriers_to_fish_migration"/>
		<property:Specific_mitigation_motivation rdf:resource="&wiki;Flood_risk_management"/>
		<property:Subcatchment_area_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">100 - 1000 km²</property:Subcatchment_area_category>
		<property:Subcatchment_dominant_geology rdf:resource="&wiki;Calcareous"/>
		<property:Subcatchment_dominant_land_cover rdf:resource="&wiki;Suburban"/>
		<property:Subcatchment_maximum_altitude rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">99</property:Subcatchment_maximum_altitude>
		<property:Subcatchment_maximum_altitude_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Less than 100 m</property:Subcatchment_maximum_altitude_category>
		<property:Subcatchment_title rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Loddon (Swallowfield to River Thames confluence)</property:Subcatchment_title>
		<property:Subcatchment_waterbody_ID rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">GB106039023160</property:Subcatchment_waterbody_ID>
		<property:Supplementary_information rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Post-project ecological/hydromorphological monitoring assessments during 2011/12. Data should be available during 2012.</property:Supplementary_information>
		<property:Theme rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Fisheries</property:Theme>
		<property:Theme rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Flood risk management</property:Theme>
		<property:Theme rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Habitat and biodiversity</property:Theme>
		<property:Total_cost rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">596</property:Total_cost>
		<property:Total_cost_category rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">more than 10000 k€</property:Total_cost_category>
		<property:WFD_national_typology rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Low</property:WFD_national_typology>
		<property:WFD_national_typology rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">Medium</property:WFD_national_typology>
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