Case study:Gunnerside Gill: Abandoned metal mines - Revision history

Alexrrc at 10:15, 24 May 2017

2017-05-24T10:15:42Z

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	{{Measures		{{Measures
	\|Management interventions=Catchment Characterisation Programme, Spot flow gauging, Options for remediation		\|Management interventions=Catchment Characterisation Programme, Spot flow gauging, Options for remediation
	\|Wider stakeholder / citizen engagement=Sampling to investigate metal pollution,		\|Wider stakeholder / citizen engagement=Sampling to investigate metal pollution, Improving water quality,
	}}		}}
	{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}		{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}

Alexrrc at 10:15, 24 May 2017

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	}}		}}
	{{Motivations		{{Motivations
	\|Specific mitigation=Steep unstable slope erosion		\|Specific mitigation=Pollution incident, Mine drainage metal concentrations, Steep unstable slope erosion
	\|Physico-chemical quality elements=Nutrient concentrations,		\|Physico-chemical quality elements=Nutrient concentrations,
	}}		}}

Alexrrc at 12:26, 23 May 2017

2017-05-23T12:26:47Z

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	{{Case study status		{{Case study status
	\|Approval status=~~Draft~~		\|Approval status=Approved
	}}		}}
	{{Location		{{Location

Alexrrc at 12:26, 23 May 2017

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	\|Physico-chemical quality elements=Nutrient concentrations,		\|Physico-chemical quality elements=Nutrient concentrations,
	}}		}}
	{{Measures}}		{{Measures
			\|Management interventions=Catchment Characterisation Programme, Spot flow gauging, Options for remediation
			\|Wider stakeholder / citizen engagement=Sampling to investigate metal pollution,
			}}
	{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}		{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}
	{{End table}}		{{End table}}

Alexrrc at 12:22, 23 May 2017

2017-05-23T12:22:53Z

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	\|Project started=2012		\|Project started=2012
	}}		}}
	{{Motivations}}		{{Motivations
			\|Specific mitigation=Steep unstable slope erosion
			\|Physico-chemical quality elements=Nutrient concentrations,
			}}
	{{Measures}}		{{Measures}}
	{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}		{{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}

Embellamy at 09:21, 5 January 2017

2017-01-05T09:21:18Z

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	\|Multi-site=No		\|Multi-site=No
	\|Project picture=Gunnerside Gill.jpg		\|Project picture=Gunnerside Gill.jpg
			\|Picture description=Gunnerside Gill with steep spoil tips at Dolly Mine
	\|Project summary=Gunnerside Gill, in the Humber River Basin District, is located to the west of Richmond, North Yorkshire in upper Swaledale. The area was mined for lead, zinc and barium between 1700 and 1900. Cadmium occurs as a significant impurity in the lead-zinc minerals. The mineralisation occurs along vertical faults in the Carboniferous Limestone and Millstone Grit rocks at Gunnerside Gill and adjoining areas of Swaledale in Yorkshire, and forms part of the North Pennine Orefield.		\|Project summary=Gunnerside Gill, in the Humber River Basin District, is located to the west of Richmond, North Yorkshire in upper Swaledale. The area was mined for lead, zinc and barium between 1700 and 1900. Cadmium occurs as a significant impurity in the lead-zinc minerals. The mineralisation occurs along vertical faults in the Carboniferous Limestone and Millstone Grit rocks at Gunnerside Gill and adjoining areas of Swaledale in Yorkshire, and forms part of the North Pennine Orefield.

Embellamy at 08:45, 5 January 2017

2017-01-05T08:45:39Z

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	\|Invasive species present=No		\|Invasive species present=No
	}}		}}
	{{Project background}}		{{Project background
			\|Reach length directly affected=6km
			\|Project started=2012
			}}
	{{Motivations}}		{{Motivations}}
	{{Measures}}		{{Measures}}

Embellamy at 08:43, 5 January 2017

2017-01-05T08:43:48Z

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	\|Main contact forename=Hugh		\|Main contact forename=Hugh
	\|Main contact surname=Potter		\|Main contact surname=Potter
			\|Main contact id=undefined
	\|Contact organisation=Environment Agency		\|Contact organisation=Environment Agency
	\|Partner organisations=The Coal Authority (UK),		\|Partner organisations=The Coal Authority (UK),
			\|Name of parent multi-site project=undefined
	\|Multi-site=No		\|Multi-site=No
			\|Project picture=Gunnerside Gill.jpg
	\|Project summary=Gunnerside Gill, in the Humber River Basin District, is located to the west of Richmond, North Yorkshire in upper Swaledale. The area was mined for lead, zinc and barium between 1700 and 1900. Cadmium occurs as a significant impurity in the lead-zinc minerals. The mineralisation occurs along vertical faults in the Carboniferous Limestone and Millstone Grit rocks at Gunnerside Gill and adjoining areas of Swaledale in Yorkshire, and forms part of the North Pennine Orefield.		\|Project summary=Gunnerside Gill, in the Humber River Basin District, is located to the west of Richmond, North Yorkshire in upper Swaledale. The area was mined for lead, zinc and barium between 1700 and 1900. Cadmium occurs as a significant impurity in the lead-zinc minerals. The mineralisation occurs along vertical faults in the Carboniferous Limestone and Millstone Grit rocks at Gunnerside Gill and adjoining areas of Swaledale in Yorkshire, and forms part of the North Pennine Orefield.

	There is an extensive legacy of metal mining at Gunnerside Gill including many shafts, adits and drainage levels with several smelters and associated ore dressing floors. There are large areas of unvegetated		There is an extensive legacy of metal mining at Gunnerside Gill including many shafts, adits and drainage levels with several smelters and associated ore dressing floors. There are large areas of unvegetated spoil and bare rock exposed in deep hushes. Some spoil tips, such as at Dolly Mine, have steep unstable slopes that are being constantly eroded at the base by Gunnerside Gill, which also cuts through spoil in dressing floors situated in the valley bottom. Gunnerside Gill catchment (13sq.lm) is entirely within the Yorkshire Dales National Park and almost all of the catchment is co-designated as SSSI, SAC and SPA with some scheduled Ancient Woodland in the valley bottom above Gunnerside village. All of the mine site buildings are derelict, but there are 9 Scheduled Ancient Monuments including parts of the Blakethwaite, Lownathwaite, Bunton, Dolly, Barbara and Sir Francis mines. Bunton Lead Mine is listed on the MINING WASTE DIRECTIVE INVENTORY.
	spoil and bare rock exposed in deep hushes. Some spoil tips, such as at Dolly Mine, have steep unstable slopes that are being constantly eroded at the base by Gunnerside Gill, which also cuts through spoil in dressing floors situated in the valley bottom. Gunnerside Gill catchment (13sq.lm) is entirely within the Yorkshire Dales National Park and almost all of the catchment is co-designated as SSSI, SAC and SPA with some scheduled Ancient Woodland in the valley bottom above Gunnerside village. All of the mine site buildings are derelict, but there are 9 Scheduled Ancient Monuments including parts of the Blakethwaite, Lownathwaite, Bunton, Dolly, Barbara and Sir Francis mines. Bunton Lead Mine is listed on the MINING WASTE DIRECTIVE INVENTORY.

	There are 19 adits/levels identified in the catchment, and 2 of these, Bunton Level and Sir Francis Level, were purposely constructed as drainage levels and still have permanent discharge flows, with water		There are 19 adits/levels identified in the catchment, and 2 of these, Bunton Level and Sir Francis Level, were purposely constructed as drainage levels and still have permanent discharge flows, with water containing high concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium entering Gunnerside Gill. Chemical sampling of the tributary that flows from Kining Level indicates that there may be consistent flows here also.
	containing high concentrations of lead, zinc and cadmium entering Gunnerside Gill. Chemical sampling of the tributary that flows from Kining Level indicates that there may be consistent flows here also.
	A number of single sampling events to investigate metal pollution of Gunnerside Gill and to establish the Mining Waste Directive inventory were carried out by the Environment Agency and Hull University in 2010 and 2011. These studies all showed concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd above their respective EQS values of 7.2, 50, and 0.09ug/L (Zn and Cd are hardness based), while Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations were acceptable.		A number of single sampling events to investigate metal pollution of Gunnerside Gill and to establish the Mining Waste Directive inventory were carried out by the Environment Agency and Hull University in 2010 and 2011. These studies all showed concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd above their respective EQS values of 7.2, 50, and 0.09ug/L (Zn and Cd are hardness based), while Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations were acceptable.

	Based on the above findings, a catchment characterisation programme was implemented in 2012-2013 using Defra funding, provided to investigate water pollution from abandoned metal mines. This project comprised monthly water quality sampling and simultaneous spot flow gauging at 6 locations, including the Bunton and Sir Francis Level discharges. An extra location was later added to investigate potential		Based on the above findings, a catchment characterisation programme was implemented in 2012-2013 using Defra funding, provided to investigate water pollution from abandoned metal mines. This project comprised monthly water quality sampling and simultaneous spot flow gauging at 6 locations, including the Bunton and Sir Francis Level discharges. An extra location was later added to investigate potential contribution of metal loading from Kining Level. The water quality results showed that the discharges from Bunton Level and Sir Francis Level contained the highest metal concentrations as follows:
	contribution of metal loading from Kining Level. The water quality results showed that the discharges from Bunton Level and Sir Francis Level contained the highest metal concentrations as follows:
	 Bunton Level average concentrations (ug/L): Pb = 50 Zn = 800 Cd = 8		 Bunton Level average concentrations (ug/L): Pb = 50 Zn = 800 Cd = 8
	 Sir Francis Level average concentrations (ug/L): Pb = 25 Zn = 1650 Cd = 14		 Sir Francis Level average concentrations (ug/L): Pb = 25 Zn = 1650 Cd = 14

Hazel Wilson at 11:20, 2 November 2015

2015-11-02T11:20:24Z

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	\|Subcatchment=Gunnerside Gill from Source to River Swale		\|Subcatchment=Gunnerside Gill from Source to River Swale
	}}		}}
	{{Site}}		{{Site
			\|WFD water body code=GB104027069090
			\|WFD water body name=Gunnerside Gill from Source to River Swale
			\|Heavily modified water body=No
			\|Protected species present=No
			\|Invasive species present=No
			}}
	{{Project background}}		{{Project background}}
	{{Motivations}}		{{Motivations}}

Embellamy at 10:52, 12 August 2014

2014-08-12T10:52:47Z

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	\|Approval status=Draft		\|Approval status=Draft
	}}		}}
	{{Location}}		{{Location
			\|Location=54.3794828, -2.0729564000000664
			}}
	{{Project overview		{{Project overview
	\|Status=In progress		\|Status=In progress