https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=UlrikaRRC 2026-04-07T06:15:18Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.39.7 https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Saltburn_Gill_ironstones_mines&diff=34203 2015-03-10T11:33:37Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.571963, -0.960267<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Social benefits, Water quality<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Peter<br /> |Main contact surname=Aldred<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency, DEFRA, The Coal Authority (UK)<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=Saltburn Gill iron mines.png<br /> |Project summary=Saltburn Gill is a short coastal river, flowing into the North Sea across Saltburn Beach - a designated bathing water beach and one of the most popular surfing beaches on the east coast. The river extends inland for about 8km in a steep sided valley, part of the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).<br /> <br /> This on-going project targets a section of the Saltburn Gill that was negatively impacted by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from abandoned mine workings, located upstream of the discharge point. Historically, East Cleveland was a major source of ore for the Teesside iron and steel industry, specially from the 1850’s until the early 1960’s. Afterwards, the decline of the mining activity resulted in an uncontrolled abandonment of the working mines in within the region. <br /> <br /> In May 1999, an uncontrolled mine discharge increased the typical iron levels of the Saltburn Beck from around 0.1 milligrammes per litre (mg/l) to in excess of 1200mg/l. Over 330kg of iron ochre was deposited on the stream bed every day. In one year, this is the equivalent of over 100 tonnes of iron being discharged into the North Sea. The devastating effects on the ecology readily appeared, mainly due to the drastic depletion in the oxygen levels. A biological impact survey of the stream showed that the pollution reduced the water quality of the beck from good to bad status along 2km of the watercourse, from the discharge point to the sea.<br /> <br /> The Saltburn Gill Action Group (SGAG) was set up in 2005 as a community action group. Assistance was given by The Environment Agency, Teesside University, the local Wildlife Trust, the Parish Council and others to try to find a solution to this problem. Then, several site investigations were carried out with insights to build up a treatment plant. A major partnership project between us, the Coal Authority and Saltburn Gill Action Group has been working to clean up the pollution since 2008.<br /> <br /> During the summer of 2013, Defra provided funding for the Coal Authority to pump water from the mines and build the first stage of a treatment scheme. This first stage is a settlement lagoon where iron precipitates out of the mine water to form a sludge at the bottom. A temporary chemical dosing system helps to remove more iron while the second stage is being built. Clean water is put back into the Gill, and since January 2014, the stream is no longer orange.<br /> <br /> In the summer of 2014, work started on the second stage of the passive treatment scheme – made up of 4 settlement ponds, a sludge drying bed and a reed bed wetland. The abstracted mine water first flows over an aeration cascade, which adds oxygen to the water and improves the rate the iron oxidises into a precipitate. It then flows by gravity into settlement ponds, where the metals can settle out to the bottom. This process takes 1 to 2 days, and leaves a sludge, iron ochre, which is disposed of at a later date.<br /> <br /> After the mine water has passed through the settlement ponds it then flows by gravity into the reed bed wetland. The reeds act like a natural filter, removing the majority of the remaining metal pollution. Clean water is then returned to the Gill. Once the treatment scheme is finished, the chemical dosing system can be removed – reducing long-term costs. The construction phase should be completed in early 2015, and the reeds will be planted in May 2015. As well as filtering and cleaning the mine water, the reed beds will provide a valuable new habitat for wildlife. <br /> <br /> Laboratory and field scale tests have shown that up to 99% of the iron should be removed by the treatment plant, with the local economic benefits of raising the quality of the river and foreshore predicted to be around £10.5 million over 25 years. This significantly outweighs the predicted lifetime cost of building and running the treatment plant (~£7m).<br /> <br /> Benefits of remediation:<br /> <br /> * The Saltburn Gill and Skelton Beck will no longer be polluted, and the risk of a catastrophic breakout of minewater will be reduced. <br /> * The aesthetic, ecological and recreational value of Saltburn Gill, Saltburn Beach and the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve will be improved. <br /> * Improved bathing water quality on Saltburn beach, encouraging recreation that contributes to the local economy. <br /> * The water body will achieve good chemical and ecological status as required by the Northumbria River Basin Management Plan.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn Gill mine discharge point.JPG<br /> |Caption=Mine discharge point<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream I.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream II.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn.JPG<br /> |Caption=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck.jpg<br /> |Caption=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn aeration.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn aeration cascade, part of the minewater treatment system<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn settlement lagoons.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn settlement ponds, foreground, with reed bed and drying lagoon behind <br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn MWTS schematic.jpg<br /> |Caption=Diagram showing the general layout of the minewater treatment scheme<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Name=Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve<br /> |WFD water body code=GB103025071960<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Low, Small, Calcareous<br /> |WFD water body name=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Project started=2009/07/01<br /> |Works started=2012/12/03<br /> |Total1 cost=700000<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Pollution incident,<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Quantity &amp; dynamics of flow, <br /> |Physico-chemical quality elements=Oxygen balance, PH, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Other technical measure=Construction of a Treatment Plant<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Saltburn case study July 2010.pdf<br /> |Description=EA, 2010. Abandoned mines case study: Saltburn Gill ironstone mines<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Saltburn Gill Case Study for UK River Prize.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-15002074<br /> |Description=BBC, 2011. Polluted Saltburn Gill in Cleveland gets cash for clean-up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-20739848<br /> |Description=BBC, 2012. Saltburn polluted stream clean-up begins<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/news/144707.aspx<br /> |Description=EA, 2012. Saltburn’s ochre stream set for clean up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Saltburn_Gill_Case_Study_for_UK_River_Prize.pdf&diff=34202 2015-03-10T11:33:31Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Saltburn Gill Case Study for UK River Prize</p> <hr /> <div>Saltburn Gill Case Study for UK River Prize</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Saltburn_Gill_ironstones_mines&diff=34201 2015-03-10T11:32:27Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.571963, -0.960267<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Social benefits, Water quality<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Peter<br /> |Main contact surname=Aldred<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency, DEFRA, The Coal Authority (UK)<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=Saltburn Gill iron mines.png<br /> |Project summary=Saltburn Gill is a short coastal river, flowing into the North Sea across Saltburn Beach - a designated bathing water beach and one of the most popular surfing beaches on the east coast. The river extends inland for about 8km in a steep sided valley, part of the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).<br /> <br /> This on-going project targets a section of the Saltburn Gill that was negatively impacted by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from abandoned mine workings, located upstream of the discharge point. Historically, East Cleveland was a major source of ore for the Teesside iron and steel industry, specially from the 1850’s until the early 1960’s. Afterwards, the decline of the mining activity resulted in an uncontrolled abandonment of the working mines in within the region. <br /> <br /> In May 1999, an uncontrolled mine discharge increased the typical iron levels of the Saltburn Beck from around 0.1 milligrammes per litre (mg/l) to in excess of 1200mg/l. Over 330kg of iron ochre was deposited on the stream bed every day. In one year, this is the equivalent of over 100 tonnes of iron being discharged into the North Sea. The devastating effects on the ecology readily appeared, mainly due to the drastic depletion in the oxygen levels. A biological impact survey of the stream showed that the pollution reduced the water quality of the beck from good to bad status along 2km of the watercourse, from the discharge point to the sea.<br /> <br /> The Saltburn Gill Action Group (SGAG) was set up in 2005 as a community action group. Assistance was given by The Environment Agency, Teesside University, the local Wildlife Trust, the Parish Council and others to try to find a solution to this problem. Then, several site investigations were carried out with insights to build up a treatment plant. A major partnership project between us, the Coal Authority and Saltburn Gill Action Group has been working to clean up the pollution since 2008.<br /> <br /> During the summer of 2013, Defra provided funding for the Coal Authority to pump water from the mines and build the first stage of a treatment scheme. This first stage is a settlement lagoon where iron precipitates out of the mine water to form a sludge at the bottom. A temporary chemical dosing system helps to remove more iron while the second stage is being built. Clean water is put back into the Gill, and since January 2014, the stream is no longer orange.<br /> <br /> In the summer of 2014, work started on the second stage of the passive treatment scheme – made up of 4 settlement ponds, a sludge drying bed and a reed bed wetland. The abstracted mine water first flows over an aeration cascade, which adds oxygen to the water and improves the rate the iron oxidises into a precipitate. It then flows by gravity into settlement ponds, where the metals can settle out to the bottom. This process takes 1 to 2 days, and leaves a sludge, iron ochre, which is disposed of at a later date.<br /> <br /> After the mine water has passed through the settlement ponds it then flows by gravity into the reed bed wetland. The reeds act like a natural filter, removing the majority of the remaining metal pollution. Clean water is then returned to the Gill. Once the treatment scheme is finished, the chemical dosing system can be removed – reducing long-term costs. The construction phase should be completed in early 2015, and the reeds will be planted in May 2015. As well as filtering and cleaning the mine water, the reed beds will provide a valuable new habitat for wildlife. <br /> <br /> Laboratory and field scale tests have shown that up to 99% of the iron should be removed by the treatment plant, with the local economic benefits of raising the quality of the river and foreshore predicted to be around £10.5 million over 25 years. This significantly outweighs the predicted lifetime cost of building and running the treatment plant (~£7m).<br /> <br /> Benefits of remediation:<br /> <br /> * The Saltburn Gill and Skelton Beck will no longer be polluted, and the risk of a catastrophic breakout of minewater will be reduced. <br /> * The aesthetic, ecological and recreational value of Saltburn Gill, Saltburn Beach and the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve will be improved. <br /> * Improved bathing water quality on Saltburn beach, encouraging recreation that contributes to the local economy. <br /> * The water body will achieve good chemical and ecological status as required by the Northumbria River Basin Management Plan.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn Gill mine discharge point.JPG<br /> |Caption=Mine discharge point<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream I.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream II.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn.JPG<br /> |Caption=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck.jpg<br /> |Caption=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn aeration.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn aeration cascade, part of the minewater treatment system<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn settlement lagoons.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn settlement ponds, foreground, with reed bed and drying lagoon behind <br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn MWTS schematic.jpg<br /> |Caption=Diagram showing the general layout of the minewater treatment scheme<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Name=Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve<br /> |WFD water body code=GB103025071960<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Low, Small, Calcareous<br /> |WFD water body name=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Project started=2009/07/01<br /> |Works started=2012/12/03<br /> |Total1 cost=700000<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Pollution incident,<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Quantity &amp; dynamics of flow, <br /> |Physico-chemical quality elements=Oxygen balance, PH, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Other technical measure=Construction of a Treatment Plant<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Saltburn case study July 2010.pdf<br /> |Description=EA, 2010. Abandoned mines case study: Saltburn Gill ironstone mines<br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-15002074<br /> |Description=BBC, 2011. Polluted Saltburn Gill in Cleveland gets cash for clean-up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-20739848<br /> |Description=BBC, 2012. Saltburn polluted stream clean-up begins<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/news/144707.aspx<br /> |Description=EA, 2012. Saltburn’s ochre stream set for clean up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Saltburn_Gill_ironstones_mines&diff=34200 2015-03-10T11:11:45Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.571963, -0.960267<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Social benefits, Water quality<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Peter<br /> |Main contact surname=Aldred<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency, DEFRA, The Coal Authority (UK)<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=Saltburn Gill iron mines.png<br /> |Project summary=Saltburn Gill is a short coastal river, flowing into the North Sea across Saltburn Beach - a designated bathing water beach and one of the most popular surfing beaches on the east coast. The river extends inland for about 8km in a steep sided valley, part of the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).<br /> <br /> This on-going project targets a section of the Saltburn Gill that was negatively impacted by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) from abandoned mine workings, located upstream of the discharge point. Historically, East Cleveland was a major source of ore for the Teesside iron and steel industry, specially from the 1850’s until the early 1960’s. Afterwards, the decline of the mining activity resulted in an uncontrolled abandonment of the working mines in within the region. <br /> <br /> In May 1999, an uncontrolled mine discharge increased the typical iron levels of the Saltburn Beck from around 0.1 milligrammes per litre (mg/l) to in excess of 1200mg/l. Over 330kg of iron ochre was deposited on the stream bed every day. In one year, this is the equivalent of over 100 tonnes of iron being discharged into the North Sea. The devastating effects on the ecology readily appeared, mainly due to the drastic depletion in the oxygen levels. A biological impact survey of the stream showed that the pollution reduced the water quality of the beck from good to bad status along 2km of the watercourse, from the discharge point to the sea.<br /> <br /> The Saltburn Gill Action Group (SGAG) was set up in 2005 as a community action group. Assistance was given by The Environment Agency, Teesside University, the local Wildlife Trust, the Parish Council and others to try to find a solution to this problem. Then, several site investigations were carried out with insights to build up a treatment plant. A major partnership project between us, the Coal Authority and Saltburn Gill Action Group has been working to clean up the pollution since 2008.<br /> <br /> During the summer of 2013, Defra provided funding for the Coal Authority to pump water from the mines and build the first stage of a treatment scheme. This first stage is a settlement lagoon where iron precipitates out of the mine water to form a sludge at the bottom. A temporary chemical dosing system helps to remove more iron while the second stage is being built. Clean water is put back into the Gill, and since January 2014, the stream is no longer orange.<br /> <br /> In the summer of 2014, work started on the second stage of the passive treatment scheme – made up of 4 settlement ponds, a sludge drying bed and a reed bed wetland. The abstracted mine water first flows over an aeration cascade, which adds oxygen to the water and improves the rate the iron oxidises into a precipitate. It then flows by gravity into settlement ponds, where the metals can settle out to the bottom. This process takes 1 to 2 days, and leaves a sludge, iron ochre, which is disposed of at a later date.<br /> <br /> After the mine water has passed through the settlement ponds it then flows by gravity into the reed bed wetland. The reeds act like a natural filter, removing the majority of the remaining metal pollution. Clean water is then returned to the Gill. Once the treatment scheme is finished, the chemical dosing system can be removed – reducing long-term costs. The construction phase should be completed in early 2015, and the reeds will be planted in May 2015. As well as filtering and cleaning the mine water, the reed beds will provide a valuable new habitat for wildlife. <br /> <br /> Laboratory and field scale tests have shown that up to 99% of the iron should be removed by the treatment plant, with the local economic benefits of raising the quality of the river and foreshore predicted to be around £10.5 million over 25 years. This significantly outweighs the predicted lifetime cost of building and running the treatment plant (~£7m).<br /> <br /> Benefits of remediation:<br /> <br /> * The Saltburn Gill and Skelton Beck will no longer be polluted, and the risk of a catastrophic breakout of minewater will be reduced. <br /> * The aesthetic, ecological and recreational value of Saltburn Gill, Saltburn Beach and the Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve will be improved. <br /> * Improved bathing water quality on Saltburn beach, encouraging recreation that contributes to the local economy. <br /> * The water body will achieve good chemical and ecological status as required by the Northumbria River Basin Management Plan.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn Gill mine discharge point.JPG<br /> |Caption=Mine discharge point<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream I.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream II.JPG<br /> |Caption=Impact on the Saltburn Gill stream<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn.JPG<br /> |Caption=The Saltburn Gill joining the Skelton Beck in Saltburn<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck.jpg<br /> |Caption=Aerial photo of the lower end of the Saltburn Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn aeration.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn aeration cascade, part of the minewater treatment system<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn settlement lagoons.jpg<br /> |Caption=Saltburn settlement ponds, foreground, with reed bed and drying lagoon behind <br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Saltburn MWTS schematic.jpg<br /> |Caption=Diagram showing the general layout of the minewater treatment scheme<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Name=Saltburn Gill Nature Reserve<br /> |WFD water body code=GB103025071960<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Low, Small, Calcareous<br /> |WFD water body name=Saltburn Gill Catch trib of North Sea<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Project started=2009/07/01<br /> |Works started=2012/12/03<br /> |Total1 cost=700000<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Pollution incident,<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Quantity &amp; dynamics of flow, <br /> |Physico-chemical quality elements=Oxygen balance, PH, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Other technical measure=Construction of a Treatment Plant<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Saltburn case study July 2010.pdf<br /> |Description=EA, 2010. Abandoned mines case study: Saltburn Gill ironstone mines<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Saltburn Gill Case Study for UK River Prize .pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-15002074<br /> |Description=BBC, 2011. Polluted Saltburn Gill in Cleveland gets cash for clean-up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-20739848<br /> |Description=BBC, 2012. Saltburn polluted stream clean-up begins<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.environment-agency.gov.uk/news/144707.aspx<br /> |Description=EA, 2012. Saltburn’s ochre stream set for clean up<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Saltburn_Gill_Case_Study_for_UK_River_Prize_.pdf&diff=34199 2015-03-10T11:11:34Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34135 2015-03-06T17:05:19Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> <br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> <br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> <br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> <br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality<br /> <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> <br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> <br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> <br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> <br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> <br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> <br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> <br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> <br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total)<br /> <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> <br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank reinforcement, Flood risk management, Mining, Agriculture, Cattle poaching<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance,<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows,<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Scrapes, Riparian tree planting, <br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Increase in sinuosity, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities,<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34130 2015-03-06T17:01:59Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> <br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> <br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> <br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> <br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality<br /> <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> <br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> <br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> <br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> <br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> <br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> <br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> <br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> <br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total)<br /> <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> <br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank reinforcement, Flood risk management, Mining, Agriculture, Cattle poaching<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance,<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34127 2015-03-06T17:00:08Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> <br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> <br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> <br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> <br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality<br /> <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> <br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> <br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> <br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> <br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> <br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> <br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> <br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> <br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total)<br /> <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> <br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank reinforcement, Flood risk management, Mining, Agricultural pressures, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance,<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34126 2015-03-06T16:57:57Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> <br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> <br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> <br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> <br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality<br /> <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> <br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> <br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> <br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> <br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> <br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> <br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> <br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> <br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total)<br /> <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> <br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34125 2015-03-06T16:56:19Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> <br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> <br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> <br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> <br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34124 2015-03-06T16:47:46Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Kier Monitoring Report River Nith 2015.pdf<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Kier_Monitoring_Report_River_Nith_2015.pdf&diff=34123 2015-03-06T16:47:39Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:KierSummaryCaseStudy.docx&diff=34122 2015-03-06T16:47:12Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34121 2015-03-06T16:44:48Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Creation of pools and riffles, pools and bars, Improvement of natural flows, <br /> |Social measures=Work with schools and communities, <br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34120 2015-03-06T16:39:03Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform,<br /> |Biological quality elements=Invertebrates: Abundance, <br /> }}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34119 2015-03-06T16:34:01Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Bank erosion, Flood risk management, Mining,<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34118 2015-03-06T16:23:38Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=10612, <br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid-altitude, Small, Calcareous, <br /> |WFD water body name=River Nith (u/s New Cumnock)<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Site designation=UK - Site of Special Scientific Interest<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34117 2015-03-06T16:10:50Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=500<br /> |Project started=2007/01/01<br /> |Works started=2011/06/01<br /> |Works completed=2011/08/31<br /> |Project completed=2012/08/31<br /> |Total1 cost=550<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Subcatchment:Upper_Nith&diff=34116 2015-03-06T16:00:47Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Created page with &quot;{{Catchment and subcatchment |River basin district=Solway Tweed |River name=Nith |Waterbody ID=10612 }}&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>{{Catchment and subcatchment<br /> |River basin district=Solway Tweed<br /> |River name=Nith<br /> |Waterbody ID=10612<br /> }}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34108 2015-03-06T14:57:38Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34107 2015-03-06T14:56:17Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Upper Nith<br /> }}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34106 2015-03-06T14:54:55Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith.jpg<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Local_schoolchildren_planting_trees_along_the_realignment_of_the_River_Nith.jpg&diff=34105 2015-03-06T14:54:50Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith</p> <hr /> <div>Local schoolchildren planting trees along the realignment of the River Nith</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34104 2015-03-06T14:53:19Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=View of new realigned section of the River Nith.jpg<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:View_of_new_realigned_section_of_the_River_Nith.jpg&diff=34102 2015-03-06T14:53:05Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: View of new realigned section of the River Nith</p> <hr /> <div>View of new realigned section of the River Nith</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34100 2015-03-06T14:49:52Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Project web site url=www.kier.co.uk/case-study/view-all/greenburn-surface-mine/case-study.aspx<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Partner organisations=Nith District Salmon Fishery Board<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project summary=Kier has been mining at the Greenburn Surface Mine Complex since 2003, employing 50% of staff from within a 10-mile radius, in an area of high unemployment. <br /> An opportunity was realised where the River Nith, which runs through the site, could be enhanced with ecologically healthier reaches. The existing river reach was degraded because of historical agricultural pressures associated with vegetation clearance, excessive cattle poaching and bank reinforcement. Through realigning 500m of the river, the recovery of high quality coal resources in the area continued, which in turn enabled the considerable funding required to realise this project.<br /> Kier spent six years researching and studying the River Nith with technical and scientific specialists, building on knowledge developed in this catchment. The scientific approach and stakeholder engagement was instrumental in the successful delivery of this project.<br /> The realignment morphologies are based on a new conceptual approach to design and best practice river engineering methods to create hydraulic conditions which drive the full suite of fluvial processes that would naturally occur in the river. <br /> The design considered the range of physical requirements in the channel form necessary to ensure sufficient diversity within which the full suite of hydraulic and geomorphic processes. This produced the most natural channel form as a product of interactions between hydraulic processes and the physical form of the river corridor (i.e. the natural channel type for the given reach conditions).<br /> The key geomorphic characteristics of the existing river local to the reaches were replicated – slope gradient, bank full width and depth, and sinuosity. These variables were measured upstream and downstream with the captured data used to inform and guide the channel design. Replicating the 500m length of the original length and creating a natural slope, maintained the same energy gradient for flow conveyance and sediment transport, which in turn will maintain natural fluvial processes. <br /> The natural levels of variability, together with sinuosity, aided the development of natural bed forms - allowing pools and riffles to form naturally through self-sorting rather than by creating artificial features.<br /> The diversion improved the ecological status of the river with planting of willow along the diverted channel that naturally stabilise the river banks and once mature will create fish habitat by forming draped foliage at the water’s edge and dropping leaf litter into the water, enhancing the habitat for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and lamprey species (lampetra spp.). In addition, tree planting consisting of hazel, birch, rowan, aspen and hawthorn was undertaken on the diversion to provide additional natural stability to the banks and riparian corridor habitat that did not previously exist. <br /> Within the river diversion scrapes were formed to promote the retention of water in discrete pools on the flood plain providing habitat for amphibians, birds and invertebrates. In addition, areas of dead wood and rocks were placed on the flood plain to provide amphibian refugia. These are additional features to what was there previously and are beneficial to the ecological status of the river and surrounding habitat.<br /> To deliver the engineering works, our approach was to develop the new channel a year early in June 2011, with water flow introduced in August 2012. This enabled the channel to weather and bankside vegetation to establish reducing the necessity for engineering materials. Fundamentally, the realignment is set within a 50-metre wide river corridor to accommodate natural channel course adjustments. The substrate from old river channel was recovered while still wet ensuring rapid re-colonisation of invertebrates and plants in the new channel.<br /> Upon completion of the new reach, electrofishing was used to relocate fish successfully.<br /> |Monitoring surveys and results=A 20-year monitoring programme has been implemented in 2014 to review the long-term biological and geomorphological components of the river ecosystem, including invertebrates, fish, riparian vegetation, physical habitat and channel morphology, and flow gauging. <br /> The achievements in restoring the habitat and improving water quality were highlighted by monitoring reports carried out by Centre for River Eco System Science (CRESS) at Stirling University, Nith District Salmon Fishery Board (NDSFB) and Environ UK. <br /> Macro-invertebrate Surveys<br /> CRESS conducted surveys of benthic macro invertebrates from upstream, downstream and within realigned sections during October 2012 and October 2014 which highlighted: <br /> • Diversity of macro-invertebrate fauna present (66 species from 48 different families) is consistent with a small tributary in good ecological condition and the taxa identified indicates good water quality <br /> • Sample richness increased from 15 to 33 showing a significant improvement in two years as the river naturalised (120% increase in sample richness)<br /> • The community structure was analysed using Shannon’s index of diversity, statistically showing negligible differences between the realigned habitats and the good quality controls upstream and downstream.<br /> • The median Ecological Quality Indices of all samples was 0.95 - a score at the top end of ‘good ecological status’<br /> NDSFB Electrofishing Survey<br /> The results of the first survey highlighted:<br /> • The channel has performed in a completely predictable manner and fish had utilised this section of river channel as a spawning site.<br /> • Salmon fry increased at each of the six survey locations by an average of 21 individuals since 2012<br /> • Two trout parr found in the realigned section in 2012, with 12 found in 2014 - a promising increase of 10 due to the general low abundance throughout the entire Nith system<br /> • Fish densities of juvenile salmonids compared favourably with other Nith sites surveyed during 2014 (41 in total) <br /> • Salmonid species of fish migrated through the diversion channel and successfully spawned upstream, within and downstream of the diversion channel<br /> • Parr aged salmonids have taken up residency within the diversion channel<br /> |Lessons learn=The realignment work has demonstrated the effectiveness of the soft engineering principles that were adopted in preference to hard artificial river banks. New section of the river is indistinguishable from the adjacent reaches. The use of willows has proved successful.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:River_Nith_Diversion_at_Greenburn_Surface_Mine&diff=34098 2015-03-06T14:41:19Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Created page with &quot;{{Case study status |Approval status=Draft }} {{Location |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031 }} {{Project overview |Project title=River Nith Diversion at Greenburn Surface...&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.366586, -4.283309000000031<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Project title=River Nith Diversion at Greenburn Surface Mine<br /> |Status=Complete<br /> |Themes=Economic aspects, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Social benefits<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Jonathan<br /> |Main contact surname=Hillier<br /> |Contact organisation=Kier Infrastructure UK<br /> |Contact organisation url=http://www.kier.co.uk/<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Eddleston_water&diff=33840 2015-01-19T09:01:25Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.68138856980066, -3.2018255256560905<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Project web site url=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/eddleston<br /> |Themes=Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Monitoring<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Alex<br /> |Main contact surname=Baillie<br /> |Contact organisation=Tweed Forum<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.tweedforum.org/<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=Lakewood (1024x540).jpg<br /> |Picture description=Eddleston Water catchment restoration, photograph source: Tweed Forum<br /> |Project summary=This is a summary of a partnership project led by Tweed Forum which aims to restore the Eddleston Water for the benefit of the local community and wildlife. A series of practical works are now taking place throughout the catchment as part of an overall plan to restore the river and valley, the effects of which are being closely monitored. <br /> <br /> The Eddleston Water is a small tributary of the River Tweed, flowing 20 km north to south before reaching the main river in the town of Peebles. Over time, the course of the river has been extensively altered and long sections were straightened in the early 19th century. Other changes in land management, both in the river valley and on the surrounding hill slopes, have also altered how the land drains. <br /> Together, these changes have resulted in an increased risk of flooding to Eddleston and Peebles, as rainfall and flood waters travel ever more quickly and directly from the hill slopes and along the river channels towards these communities. At the same time, these changes have also damaged the river environment itself, leading to the loss of over a quarter of the river’s original length, and habitat loss for plants and animals, including salmon and trout, as well as rare and protected species such as otters and lampreys. <br /> <br /> Project aims: <br /> The three main aims are to: <br /> • investigate the possibility of reducing the risk of flooding to the communities of Eddleston and Peebles by restoring some of the original natural features of the catchment<br /> • improve the river habitat for wildlife and fisheries; <br /> • work with landowners and communities in the Eddleston valley to maximise the benefits they would gain from such work, while maintaining the profitability of local farms. <br /> <br /> Who is involved? <br /> The project is a partnership initiative led by the Tweed Forum, with the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), the Scottish Government and University of Dundee. Other key partners include British Geological Survey, Scottish Borders Council, Scottish Natural Heritage, the Forestry Commission, National Farmers Union (Scotland) the Tweed Foundation, Forest carbon and the Woodland Trust. The Forum works closely with landowners and the local community so that everyone can contribute ideas and follow the project’s progress. <br /> <br /> Project results so far: <br /> A restoration strategy has been developed which will both restore natural habitats and help reduce the risk of flooding to Eddleston and Peebles. It focuses on three main areas of the catchment including the upper valley and hill slopes (which are the main sources of flood water running off in to the river); the valley bottom or floodplain; and the channels and habitats of the river itself.<br /> <br /> Working with land managers we have been able to introduce subtle changes to current land management practices in order to slow water flow off the hills in the first place, and reconnect the river with its floodplain. <br /> So far we have:<br /> - Fenced off and planted 35ha of woodland (over 50,000 trees) , largely on less productive farmland in the headwaters which help slow down overland flow.<br /> - Installed a series of ‘high-flow restrictors’, which act to temporarily hold back flood waters.<br /> - Restored the natural meandering form of the river at Cringletie and Lake Wood. This has increased river length, reduced the slope and speed of the water flow and provided more space for flood waters, as well as creating new habitats and improving the landscape.<br /> <br /> We have a number of similar schemes in the pipeline that will be rolled out in the next few years.<br /> <br /> Monitoring the effects of these measures is an important part of this project. A network of rain gauges, groundwater and river level gauges have been installed throughout the valley to collect data on how the changes affect river flows and flood frequencies. Other monitoring programmes will reveal what changes occur to the river’s habitats and wildlife. Detailed monitoring and modelling of the groundwater has also been undertaken at a site close to Eddleston village. <br /> <br /> Spreading the word about River Restoration and Natural Flood Management. The project will continue to work with local schools and other educational institutes by hosting field trips and study tours to show what can be achieved on the ground to reduce the effects of flooding. <br /> <br /> Full details of the project are available at <br /> http://www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/Eddleston<br /> The project wishes to thank the farmers and landowners in the Eddleston Water catchment for their help and enthusiasm in taking this initiative forward. <br /> <br /> We would welcome your comments and ideas. <br /> <br /> Please contact:<br /> <br /> • Luke Comins – Tweed Forum, South Court, Drygrange Steading, Melrose, Roxburghshire, TD6 9DJ (Tel: 01896 849723)<br /> <br /> • Professor Chris Spray – UNESCO Centre for Water, Law, Policy and Science, University of Dundee, DD1 4HN (Tel; 01382 388362)<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08557.JPG<br /> |Caption=New gravel side bar. Photo: Ulrika Åberg, RRC<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08531.JPG<br /> |Caption=Fallen tree creating flow and habitat diversity. Photo: Ulrika Åberg, RRC<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08523.JPG<br /> |Caption=Re-meandered section. Photo: Ulrika Åberg, RRC<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08541.JPG<br /> |Caption=Back-water feature. Photo: Ulrika Åberg, RRC<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08577.JPG<br /> |Caption=Planting of the catchment. Photo: Ulrika Åberg, RRC<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Tweed<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Name=Eddleston water <br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Embanked, <br /> |Reference morphology=Sinuous, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Local site designation=WFD status &quot;poor&quot;<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> |Dominant hydrology=Quick run-off, <br /> |River corridor land use=Improved/semi-improved grassland/pasture, <br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Project started=2009<br /> |Project completed=2013/05/01<br /> |Investigation and design cost category=50 - 100 k€<br /> |Investigation and design Lead organisation=SEPA River Restoration Fund<br /> |Supplementary funding information=Funded by the SEPA River Restoration Fund <br /> Scottish Government awarded funding over three financial years 2010-2011, 2011-2012, 2012-2013<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Flood risk management, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform, Quantity &amp; dynamics of flow<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=meandering channel, Introducing large woody debris, creation of a new floodplain parallel to the river, embankment renaturalization,<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Connection to wider floodplain,<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=EDDLESTON LEAFLET 2013.pdf<br /> |Description=Project information leaflet<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/eddleston_leaflet.pdf<br /> |Description=The Eddleston Water project: Restoring natural habitat and reducing flood risk<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/Poster_Katya_Perez_Chris_Spray.pdf<br /> |Description=Assessment of stream course restoration and potential land use modification on flood risk reduction and other ecosystem services<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Eddleston_water&diff=33838 2015-01-16T14:40:19Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=55.68138856980066, -3.2018255256560905<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Project web site url=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/eddleston<br /> |Themes=Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Monitoring<br /> |Country=Scotland<br /> |Main contact forename=Alex<br /> |Main contact surname=Baillie<br /> |Contact organisation=Tweed Forum<br /> |Contact organisation url=www.tweedforum.org/<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=Lakewood (1024x540).jpg<br /> |Picture description=Eddleston Water catchment restoration, photograph source: Tweed Forum<br /> |Project summary=This is a summary of a partnership project led by Tweed Forum which aims to restore the Eddleston Water for the benefit of the local community and wildlife. A series of practical works are now taking place throughout the catchment as part of an overall plan to restore the river and valley, the effects of which are being closely monitored. <br /> <br /> The Eddleston Water is a small tributary of the River Tweed, flowing 20 km north to south before reaching the main river in the town of Peebles. Over time, the course of the river has been extensively altered and long sections were straightened in the early 19th century. Other changes in land management, both in the river valley and on the surrounding hill slopes, have also altered how the land drains. <br /> Together, these changes have resulted in an increased risk of flooding to Eddleston and Peebles, as rainfall and flood waters travel ever more quickly and directly from the hill slopes and along the river channels towards these communities. At the same time, these changes have also damaged the river environment itself, leading to the loss of over a quarter of the river’s original length, and habitat loss for plants and animals, including salmon and trout, as well as rare and protected species such as otters and lampreys. <br /> <br /> Project aims: <br /> The three main aims are to: <br /> • investigate the possibility of reducing the risk of flooding to the communities of Eddleston and Peebles by restoring some of the original natural features of the catchment<br /> • improve the river habitat for wildlife and fisheries; <br /> • work with landowners and communities in the Eddleston valley to maximise the benefits they would gain from such work, while maintaining the profitability of local farms. <br /> <br /> Who is involved? <br /> The project is a partnership initiative led by the Tweed Forum, with the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA), the Scottish Government and University of Dundee. Other key partners include British Geological Survey, Scottish Borders Council, Scottish Natural Heritage, the Forestry Commission, National Farmers Union (Scotland) the Tweed Foundation, Forest carbon and the Woodland Trust. The Forum works closely with landowners and the local community so that everyone can contribute ideas and follow the project’s progress. <br /> <br /> Project results so far: <br /> A restoration strategy has been developed which will both restore natural habitats and help reduce the risk of flooding to Eddleston and Peebles. It focuses on three main areas of the catchment including the upper valley and hill slopes (which are the main sources of flood water running off in to the river); the valley bottom or floodplain; and the channels and habitats of the river itself.<br /> <br /> Working with land managers we have been able to introduce subtle changes to current land management practices in order to slow water flow off the hills in the first place, and reconnect the river with its floodplain. <br /> So far we have:<br /> - Fenced off and planted 35ha of woodland (over 50,000 trees) , largely on less productive farmland in the headwaters which help slow down overland flow.<br /> - Installed a series of ‘high-flow restrictors’, which act to temporarily hold back flood waters.<br /> - Restored the natural meandering form of the river at Cringletie and Lake Wood. This has increased river length, reduced the slope and speed of the water flow and provided more space for flood waters, as well as creating new habitats and improving the landscape.<br /> <br /> We have a number of similar schemes in the pipeline that will be rolled out in the next few years.<br /> <br /> Monitoring the effects of these measures is an important part of this project. A network of rain gauges, groundwater and river level gauges have been installed throughout the valley to collect data on how the changes affect river flows and flood frequencies. Other monitoring programmes will reveal what changes occur to the river’s habitats and wildlife. Detailed monitoring and modelling of the groundwater has also been undertaken at a site close to Eddleston village. <br /> <br /> Spreading the word about River Restoration and Natural Flood Management. The project will continue to work with local schools and other educational institutes by hosting field trips and study tours to show what can be achieved on the ground to reduce the effects of flooding. <br /> <br /> Full details of the project are available at <br /> http://www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/Eddleston<br /> The project wishes to thank the farmers and landowners in the Eddleston Water catchment for their help and enthusiasm in taking this initiative forward. <br /> <br /> We would welcome your comments and ideas. <br /> <br /> Please contact:<br /> <br /> • Luke Comins – Tweed Forum, South Court, Drygrange Steading, Melrose, Roxburghshire, TD6 9DJ (Tel: 01896 849723)<br /> <br /> • Professor Chris Spray – UNESCO Centre for Water, Law, Policy and Science, University of Dundee, DD1 4HN (Tel; 01382 388362)<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08557.JPG<br /> |Caption=New gravel side bar<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08531.JPG<br /> |Caption=Fallen tree creating flow and habitat diversity<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08523.JPG<br /> |Caption=Re-meandered section<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08541.JPG<br /> |Caption=Back-water feature<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC08577.JPG<br /> |Caption=Planting of the catchment<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Tweed<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Name=Eddleston water <br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Embanked, <br /> |Reference morphology=Sinuous, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Local site designation=WFD status &quot;poor&quot;<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> |Dominant hydrology=Quick run-off, <br /> |River corridor land use=Improved/semi-improved grassland/pasture, <br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Project started=2009<br /> |Project completed=2013/05/01<br /> |Investigation and design cost category=50 - 100 k€<br /> |Investigation and design Lead organisation=SEPA River Restoration Fund<br /> |Supplementary funding information=Funded by the SEPA River Restoration Fund <br /> Scottish Government awarded funding over three financial years 2010-2011, 2011-2012, 2012-2013<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Specific mitigation=Flood risk management, <br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Channel pattern/planform, Quantity &amp; dynamics of flow<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=meandering channel, Introducing large woody debris, creation of a new floodplain parallel to the river, embankment renaturalization,<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Connection to wider floodplain,<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=EDDLESTON LEAFLET 2013.pdf<br /> |Description=Project information leaflet<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/eddleston_leaflet.pdf<br /> |Description=The Eddleston Water project: Restoring natural habitat and reducing flood risk<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references<br /> |Link=www.tweedforum.org/projects/current-projects/Poster_Katya_Perez_Chris_Spray.pdf<br /> |Description=Assessment of stream course restoration and potential land use modification on flood risk reduction and other ecosystem services<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC08577.JPG&diff=33837 2015-01-16T14:39:53Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Planting of the catchment</p> <hr /> <div>Planting of the catchment</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC08541.JPG&diff=33836 2015-01-16T14:38:46Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Back-water feature</p> <hr /> <div>Back-water feature</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC08523.JPG&diff=33835 2015-01-16T14:38:02Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Re-meandered section</p> <hr /> <div>Re-meandered section</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC08531.JPG&diff=33834 2015-01-16T14:37:12Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Fallen tree creating flow and habitat diversity</p> <hr /> <div>Fallen tree creating flow and habitat diversity</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC08557.JPG&diff=33833 2015-01-16T14:35:42Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: New gravel side bar</p> <hr /> <div>New gravel side bar</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Cumbria_River_Restoration_Strategy&diff=33261 2014-11-12T13:45:34Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.5772323, -2.7974834999999984<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Maggie<br /> |Main contact surname=Robinson<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Partner organisations=Eden Rivers Trust, West Cumbria Rivers Trust, South Cumbria Rivers Trust,<br /> |Multi-site=Yes<br /> |Project summary=The Cumbria River Restoration Strategy was developed to help deliver the joint Natural England and Environment Agency obligation to improve the quality and function of the Eden, Derwent and Kent SSSI/SAC catchments. This partnership functions by working with the River Trusts (Eden, West Cumbria and South Cumbria respectively) who plan and deliver these projects in their respective catchments. Most of the rivers within these catchments are designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and Special Areas of Conservation (SAC). These are recognised as being the best examples of this type of river throughout Europe for the river habitat and the species they support. Because of their importance for conservation, they are designated as Protected Areas under WFD. WFD requires ‘Measures’ to be put in place<br /> to deliver ‘favourable condition’ for each Protected Area. Favourable condition includes restoring near natural processes to the river which includes flow and sediment transport.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33260 2014-11-12T13:44:04Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Name of parent multi-site project=Case_study:Cumbria River Restoration Strategy<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Whit Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=GB112075070380<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid, Small, Siliceous<br /> |WFD water body name=Whit Beck<br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Reinforced banks,<br /> |Reference morphology=Actively meandering, <br /> |Desired post project morphology=Actively meandering, Single channel, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> |Species=Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Otter (Lutra lutra), Floating water-plantain (Luronium natans), lamprey, <br /> |River corridor land use=Improved/semi-improved grassland/pasture, <br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Cumbria_River_Restoration_Strategy&diff=33259 2014-11-12T13:42:55Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.5772323, -2.7974834999999984<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Maggie<br /> |Main contact surname=Robinson<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Partner organisations=Eden Rivers Trust, West Cumbria Rivers Trust, South Cumbria Rivers Trust,<br /> |Multi-site=Yes<br /> |Project summary=he<br /> Cumbria River Restoration Strategy. This was developed to help deliver the joint Natural England and Environment Agency obligation to improve the quality and function of the Eden, Derwent and Kent SSSI/SAC catchments. This partnership functions by working with the River Trusts (Eden, West Cumbria and South Cumbria respectively) who plan and deliver these projects in their respective catchments. Most of the rivers within these catchments are designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and Special Areas of Conservation (SAC). These are recognised as being the best examples of this type of river throughout Europe for the river habitat and the species they support. Because of their importance for conservation, they are designated as Protected Areas under WFD. WFD requires ‘Measures’ to be put in place<br /> to deliver ‘favourable condition’ for each Protected Area. Favourable condition includes restoring near natural processes to the river which includes flow and sediment transport. <br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Cumbria_River_Restoration_Strategy&diff=33258 2014-11-12T13:40:50Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.5772323, -2.7974834999999984<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Maggie<br /> |Main contact surname=Robinson<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Partner organisations=Eden Rivers Trust, West Cumbria Rivers Trust, South Cumbria Rivers Trust, <br /> |Multi-site=Yes<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Cumbria_River_Restoration_Strategy&diff=33257 2014-11-12T13:36:56Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Created page with &quot;{{Case study status |Approval status=Draft }} {{Location |Location=54.5772323, -2.7974834999999984 }} {{Project overview |Project title=Cumbria River Restoration Strategy |Sta...&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.5772323, -2.7974834999999984<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Project title=Cumbria River Restoration Strategy<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Maggie<br /> |Main contact surname=Robinson<br /> |Contact organisation=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=Yes<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background}}<br /> {{Motivations}}<br /> {{Measures}}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33256 2014-11-12T13:22:15Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Approved<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Whit Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=GB112075070380<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid, Small, Siliceous<br /> |WFD water body name=Whit Beck<br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Reinforced banks,<br /> |Reference morphology=Actively meandering, <br /> |Desired post project morphology=Actively meandering, Single channel, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> |Species=Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Otter (Lutra lutra), Floating water-plantain (Luronium natans), lamprey, <br /> |River corridor land use=Improved/semi-improved grassland/pasture, <br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33254 2014-11-12T13:06:38Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment<br /> |Subcatchment=Whit Beck<br /> }}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=GB112075070380<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid, Small, Siliceous<br /> |WFD water body name=Whit Beck<br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Reinforced banks, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33253 2014-11-12T13:02:18Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site<br /> |WFD water body code=GB112075070380<br /> |WFD (national) typology=Mid, Small, Siliceous<br /> |WFD water body name=Whit Beck<br /> |Pre-project morphology=Straightened, Reinforced banks, <br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33252 2014-11-12T12:43:57Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site<br /> |Heavily modified water body=No<br /> |Protected species present=No<br /> |Invasive species present=No<br /> }}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33251 2014-11-12T12:39:47Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=Stream ds B5289.JPG<br /> |Caption=The heavily modified raised river channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=LHB field No 2.JPG<br /> |Caption=Before divesion<br /> }}<br /> {{Case study image<br /> |File name=DSC09114.JPG<br /> |Caption=During construction of new channel<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC09114.JPG&diff=33250 2014-11-12T12:38:52Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: During construction</p> <hr /> <div>During construction</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:LHB_field_No_2.JPG&diff=33249 2014-11-12T12:36:27Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Before restoration</p> <hr /> <div>Before restoration</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Stream_ds_B5289.JPG&diff=33248 2014-11-12T12:35:05Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: UlrikaRRC uploaded a new version of &amp;quot;File:Stream ds B5289.JPG&amp;quot;: The heavily modified raised river channel</p> <hr /> <div>Before restoration</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:Stream_ds_B5289.JPG&diff=33247 2014-11-12T12:32:17Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Before restoration</p> <hr /> <div>Before restoration</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=Case_study:Whit_Beck_River_Restoration_Project&diff=33246 2014-11-12T12:29:43Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Case study status<br /> |Approval status=Draft<br /> }}<br /> {{Location<br /> |Location=54.6113504752734, -3.3120258897542953<br /> }}<br /> {{Project overview<br /> |Status=In progress<br /> |Themes=Environmental flows and water resources, Flood risk management, Habitat and biodiversity, Hydromorphology, Land use management - agriculture, Land use management - forestry<br /> |Country=England<br /> |Main contact forename=Ian<br /> |Main contact surname=Creighton<br /> |Main contact id=Ian Creighton<br /> |Contact organisation=West Cumbria Rivers Trust<br /> |Contact organisation url=westcumbriariverstrust.org<br /> |Partner organisations=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> |Multi-site=No<br /> |Project picture=DSC09120.JPG<br /> |Project summary=Whit Beck was an ambitious major pilot river restoration project undertaken by West Cumbria Rivers Trust on the behalf of the Environment Agency and Natural England summer 2014. This project was undertaken on Whit Beck, a fast flowing spate tributary of the River Cocker (River Derwent SSSI) in the English Lake District. A 350m section of heavily modified raised river channel was successfully diverted to natural self-sustainable diverse watercourse.<br /> The benefits include:<br /> • Restoration of natural river processes and associated features (WFD requirement)<br /> • Increase in stream length (over 3 fold - 1205m) and channel area (4/5 fold)<br /> • Provision of a wider range of habitats enabling fish to carry out the various stages of their life cycles within the new reach<br /> • Significantly improvement in floodplain connectivity (flood storage)<br /> • Increased in channel storage for gravels<br /> • The provision of wildlife corridors (plants, insects and animals)<br /> • Increased flood proofing for fish redds<br /> • New deciduous woodlands and woodland strips<br /> • Enhanced landscape<br /> <br /> There were four parties with a vested interest in Whit Beck, two farmers, one tenant and an independent landowner. The scheme was entirely voluntary and all parties had to be on board for the project to get off the ground and succeed. It took two years of planning, investigations and engineering to complete. The total cost over the life of the project is in the vicinity of £700k. Construction was completed by the end of September 2014.<br /> }}<br /> {{Image gallery}}<br /> {{Image gallery end}}<br /> {{Toggle button}}<br /> {{Toggle content start}}<br /> {{Case study subcatchment}}<br /> {{Site}}<br /> {{Project background<br /> |Reach length directly affected=0.3km increased to 1.2km<br /> |Project started=2013/10/01<br /> |Works started=2014/06/16<br /> |Works completed=2014/10/03<br /> |Total cost category=500 - 1000 k€<br /> |Funding sources=Environment Agency &amp; Natural England<br /> }}<br /> {{Motivations<br /> |Hydromorphological quality elements=Heavily engineered high level carrier<br /> |Biological quality elements=Limited habitat<br /> |Other motivation=Re-connect river with floodplain and reduction of substrate delivery to R Cocker<br /> }}<br /> {{Measures<br /> |Bank and bed modifications measure=Constructed new natural channel and imported mixed substrate for the new river to sort<br /> |Floodplain / River corridor=Re-connected to local floodplain and provided a site for gravel deposition to help reduce build up in River Cocker<br /> |Planform / Channel pattern=Channel naturalisation; Creation of new meandering channel, <br /> |Social measures=Significant engagement with local community<br /> }}<br /> {{Hydromorphological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Biological quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Physico-chemical quality elements header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Other responses header}}<br /> {{End table}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents}}<br /> {{Monitoring documents end}}<br /> {{Additional Documents}}<br /> {{Case study documents<br /> |File name=Whitbeck RRS Project Summary Oct 2014.docx<br /> }}<br /> {{Additional Documents end}}<br /> {{Additional links and references header}}<br /> {{Additional links and references footer}}<br /> {{Supplementary Information}}<br /> {{Toggle content end}}</div>

UlrikaRRC https://restorerivers.eu/wiki/index.php?title=File:DSC09120.JPG&diff=33245 2014-11-12T12:24:34Z

<p>UlrikaRRC: Whitbeck during construction</p> <hr /> <div>Whitbeck during construction</div>

UlrikaRRC